Reverse mortgages are not the next subprime

Jack Guttentag is professor of finance emeritus at the Wharton School of the University of PennsylvaniaIn 2009, about 130,000 HECMs were written. Feedback from borrowers has been largely positive. In a 2006 survey of borrowers by AARP, 93 percent said their reverse mortgage had had a mostly positive effect on their lives, compared with 3 percent who said the effect was mostly negative. Some 93 percent of borrowers reported that they were satisfied with their experiences with lenders, and 95 percent reported that they were satisfied with their counselors. (All HECM borrowers must undergo counseling prior to the deal. Subprime loans imposed repayment obligations on borrowers, many of whom were woefully unprepared to assume them, and which tended to rise over time. The financial crisis actually began with the increasing inability of subprime borrowers to make their payments, and as a result, defaults and foreclosures ballooned to unprecedented levels.
But reverse-mortgage borrowers assume no repayment obligation at all. Their only obligations are to maintain their property and pay their property taxes, which they have to do as owners whether they take out a reverse mortgage or not. They cannot default on their mortgage because the obligation to make payments under an HECM is the lender's, not the borrower's. There are no reverse-mortgage foreclosures.
Subprime foreclosures imposed heavy losses on lenders and on investors in mortgage securities issued against subprime mortgages. Such securities were widely held by investors, which included Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Losses by the agencies on their subprime securities played a major role in their insolvency. In contrast, no lenders have suffered or will suffer losses on HECMs because they are insured against loss by the FHA. The FHA assumes the losses when HECM loan balances grow to the point where they exceed property values. In sum, the current state of the HECM market has no resemblance whatsoever to the conditions in the subprime market that led to disaster